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1. Encryption software for both windows and mac driver#
2. Encryption software for both windows and mac password#

( August 2012) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message) Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Starting with Windows Vista, a user's private key can be stored on a smart card Data Recovery Agent (DRA) keys can also be stored on a smart card. into the backup file) in encrypted form, and are not decrypted during backup. In other words, the files are "copied" (e.g. Backup applications that have implemented these Raw APIs will simply copy the encrypted file stream and the $EFS alternative data stream as a single file. The most significant way of preventing the decryption-on-copy is using backup applications that are aware of the "Raw" APIs. Finally, when encrypted files are copied over the network using the SMB/CIFS protocol, the files are decrypted before they are sent over the network. However, there are a number of occasions in which the file could be decrypted without the user explicitly asking Windows to do so.įiles and folders are decrypted before being copied to a volume formatted with another file system, like FAT32. When encrypted files are moved within an NTFS volume, the files remain encrypted.

Encryption software for both windows and mac driver#

The EFS component driver treats this encryption attribute in a way that is analogous to the inheritance of file permissions in NTFS: if a folder is marked for encryption, then by default all files and subfolders that are created under the folder are also encrypted. Because the encryption & decryption operations are performed at a layer below NTFS, it is transparent to the user and all their applications.įolders whose contents are to be encrypted by the file system are marked with an encryption attribute. The EFS component driver then uses the symmetric key to decrypt the file. To decrypt the file, the EFS component driver uses the private key that matches the EFS digital certificate (used to encrypt the file) to decrypt the symmetric key that is stored in the $EFS stream.

The FEK (the symmetric key that is used to encrypt the file) is then encrypted with a public key that is associated with the user who encrypted the file, and this encrypted FEK is stored in the $EFS alternative data stream of the encrypted file. The symmetric encryption algorithm used will vary depending on the version and configuration of the operating system see Algorithms used by Windows version below. It uses a symmetric encryption algorithm because it takes less time to encrypt and decrypt large amounts of data than if an asymmetric key cipher is used.

Encryption software for both windows and mac password#

In other words, the encryption of a file is only as strong as the password to unlock the decryption key.ĮFS works by encrypting a file with a bulk symmetric key, also known as the File Encryption Key, or FEK. However, the cryptography keys for EFS are in practice protected by the user account password, and are therefore susceptible to most password attacks. In the Microsoft Windows family of operating systems EFS enables this measure, although on NTFS drives only, and does so using a combination of public key cryptography and symmetric key cryptography to make decrypting the files extremely difficult without the correct key. The most widely accepted solution to this is to store the files encrypted on the physical media (disks, USB pen drives, tapes, CDs and so on). One way, for example, would be to remove the disk and put it in another computer with an OS installed that can read the filesystem another, would be to simply reboot the computer from a boot CD containing an OS that is suitable for accessing the local filesystem. However, if an attacker gains physical access to the computer, this barrier can be easily circumvented. When an operating system is running on a system without file encryption, access to files normally goes through OS-controlled user authentication and access control lists. ( February 2010) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message)